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Impact of Mycotoxin Contaminated Feed on Cattle Health in Flood-Affected Bhojpur District

Dr. Ajay Kumar, Md Zakir Imam, Dr Rajesh Verma

42-53

Vol 19, Issue 1, Jan-Jun, 2024

Date of Submission: 2024-01-10 Date of Acceptance: 2024-02-25 Date of Publication: 2024-03-05

Abstract

Flooding in Bhojpur district of Bihar poses significant challenges to livestock production, primarily through the contamination of cattle feed by mycotoxin-producing fungi. This study investigates the prevalence of mycotoxins in cattle feed and their impact on livestock health in flood-affected areas. A total of 150 feed samples, including maize, silage, wheat, and concentrates, were collected from 25 farms, and analyzed using ELISA, HPLC, and LC-MS/MS techniques to detect aflatoxins, fumonisins, and zearalenone. Results revealed that 68% of samples were contaminated with at least one mycotoxin, while 22% contained multiple toxins, with maize and silage being the most affected. Health assessments of 125 cattle demonstrated hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, reproductive disorders, reduced milk yield, and weight loss, with strong correlations between toxin concentrations and clinical manifestations. Multi-mycotoxin exposure further exacerbated health effects. Flood-prone low-lying farms exhibited higher contamination rates, highlighting the role of environmental factors such as waterlogging and high moisture content. The study underscores the urgent need for improved feed storage, routine mycotoxin testing, use of binders, and farmer education to mitigate risks. Findings provide critical insights for local authorities, agricultural bodies, and farmers to safeguard livestock health and ensure sustainable production in flood-affected regions.

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